The results indicated that the screw fixation could be applied to non-comminuted acetabular anterior column fractures. The same fracture pattern was used for another biomechanical study, in which three groups of screws of different materials (titanium, stainless steel, degradable materials) were compared to the general plate. However, no matter what kind of internal fixation was used, adding an infra-acetabular screw can approximately double the strength of the internal fixation. A biomechanical study showed that the locking plate internal fixation system cannot significantly reduce the displacement of high anterior column fractures after fixation. Specifically, the indication includes anterior column fracture, double-column fracture, T-type fracture, and anterior and posterior hemitransverse fracture. The column separation caused by the fracture line passing through the acetabular quadrilateral, as well as obturator foramen, are indications. Meanwhile, researchers indicated the range of application of infra-acetabular screw, including acetabular fractures, that require ilioinguinal approach treatment. In 2010, the infra-acetabular screw was reported to be able to help close the incomplete “frame” system around the acetabulum, including both acetabular columns, supra-acetabular screws, and the true pelvic rim plate. Conducting a good fracture reduction and strong internal fixation can allow postoperative patients to be able to perform functional rehabilitation exercises earlier, thereby reducing the occurrence of related complications and achieving the best clinical effect. Hence, patients with acetabular fractures may face many post-surgical complications, including traumatic osteoarthritis, deep vein thrombosis, and heterotopic ossification. The acetabular fracture surgery is the most complex and challenging surgery in the field of traumatic orthopedics. The acetabulum has a complex anatomical structure and is surrounded by some important blood vessels, nerves, and organs. Conclusionsįor East Asians, changing the exit point of the infra-acetabular screw can increase the scope of infra-acetabular screw use, especially for females. Compared to screw I, the length of screw II is reduced, the angle with the coronal plane is significantly reduced, and the angle with the transverse plane is significantly increased. In 65.31% males and 40.54% females, we found a screw I corridor with a diameter of at least 5 mm, while a screw II corridor was present in 77.55% in males and 62.16% in females. The data obtained from this study presents the maximum diameter, length, direction, and distances between the entry point and center of IPE. Hence, we placed the largest diameter virtual screw in the two different screw corridors. Finally, we used an axial perspective based on 3D models in order to study the anatomical parameters of the two infra-acetabular screw corridors with different exit points. Additionally, the STL format image processed by Geomagic Studio was imported again into MIMICS.
Ischial spine software#
Then, the models, in the STL format model, were imported into the software Geomagic Studio to delete the inner triangular patches. The raw datasets were reconstructed into 3D models using the software MIMICS. We conducted this study in order to determine the anatomical differences between the two different IACs. However, our significant experience in placement of the infra-acetabular screw has suggested that when the exit point is located between the ischial tuberosity and the ischial spine (Screw II), the placement of a 3.5 mm infra-acetabular screw may be easier for some patients. Currently, the reported exit point of the infra-acetabular screw has been located at the ischial tuberosity (Screw I). Biomechanical studies have shown that an additional infra-acetabular screw placement can enhance the fixation strength of acetabular fracture internal fixation. Recently, the infra-acetabular screw has been proposed for use in treatment of acetabular fractures as a part of a periacetabular fixation frame.
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